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Question1Themaineconomicproblemis……
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Scarcity-whichiscausedbyunlimitedwantsbutlimitedmeans.
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Question2Usingthediagrambelow,fullyexplaintheimpactofanincreaseinpricefrom$3.50to$4.50forSouraideSportsDrinkwith2flowoneffects.
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Anincreaseinpricewillcauseadecreaseinthequantitydemanded-assumingceterisparibus.AsthepriceofSouraideincreasesfrom$3.50to$4.50Marama’squantitydemandeddecreasesfrom4to2bottlesbecauseasthepriceincreasesMaramacan’taffordtobuyasmuchanditisnowrelativelymoreexpensivethanothersportsdrinks.MaramawillbuylessSouraidesoshemaybehealthierduetodrinkinglesssugar.Maychangetoacheaperbrandwhichisnotasgoodsohersportsmaynotbeasgood.
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SouraideandBarginaidearesubstitutegoods.Theyaregoodsusedinsteadofeachother.AnincreaseinpriceofSouraidefromP1toP2meansthatthequantitydemandedwilldecreasefromQd1toQd2becauseMaramacan’taffordtobuyasmuchandnowBarginaideisrelativelycheaper.Marama’sdemandforBarginaidewillincreasefromDtoD2becauseitisnowrelativelycheaperthanSouraideandMaramaiswillingtobuymoreofit.-BarginaideisnotasgoodasportsdrinkandhasmoresugarsoMarama’shealthmaysuffer.-Shemayendupbuyingalotmoreofthecheapersportsdrinkwhichmayaffectherhealth.-Notasgoodqualitysonotasgoodforhersportssoshemaynotperformaswell.
Question3Usingthediagrambelow,tofullyexplaintheimpactofanincreaseinpriceofSouraideonthedemandforBarginaide.Explain2flowoneffects.
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WithanincreaseinincomeMaramacanaffordtobuymoreSouraide.BarginaideisacheaperproductandMaramathinksitisaninferiorgood-agoodsheprefersnottobuybecauseitislowerqualityandsowithanincreaseinincomeMarama’sdemanddecreasesfromDtoD2.WithanincreaseinincomeMaramacanaffordtobuySouraide-abetterqualityproduct,agoodshepreferstohave.HerdemandwillincreasefromDtoD2.
Question4Usingthediagrambelow,fullyexplaintheeffectofanincreaseinMarama’sincomeonherdemandforSouraideandBarginaide-acheaperbudgetproduct.
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SammysingphonesandSparkyCellularservicesarecomplementsforMila,meaningtheyaregoodsthatsheconsumesinconjunctionwitheachother.WhenthepriceofSparkyCellularservicesdecreasesfromP1toP2,thequantitydemandedforSparkyCellularservicesincreasesfromQ1toQ2becauseMilacanaffordtobuymoreanditisnowrelativelycheaperMila’sdemandforSammysingphoneswillincreasefromDtoD2.TheincreaseinthequantitydemandedforSparkyCellularservicesisshownbyamovementalong(down)thedemandcurvefromQd1toQd2.TheincreaseindemandforSammysingPhonesisshownbyashiftofthedemandcurverightfromDtoD2,meaningmorephoneswillbedemandedateachandeveryprice.Possibleflow-oneffects:Milawillconsumemorecellularservicesandspendalotmoretimeonhersmartphoneleavinglesstimeforotherthings.
Question5Usingthediagrambelow,discusstherelationshipbetweenMila’sdemandforSammysingyPhonesandSparkyCellularServices.FullyexplaintheimpactofadecreaseinpriceforSparkyCellularServicesonMila’sdemandforSammysingphonesand1possibleflowoneffect.
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Luxurygoods,suchasholidays,aregoodsthatarenotnecessary/don’tneedtosurvive.Thedemandforluxurygoodsincreasesifincomeincreases.Necessitygoodsareessentials.Thedemandfornecessitygoods,suchasbread,increasesifincomeincreases.However,becausethereisonlysomuchthatapersoncanconsume,whenincomeincreasestheincreaseindemandfornecessitiesisproportionallylessthantheincreaseinincome.Inferiorgoodsarecheap,lowerappealgoodssuchasbudgetbrands.Thedemandforinferiorgoodsfallsasincomeincreases.Thedemandforluxurygoodsincreasesasincomeincreases.Luxurygoodsarebroughtifthereisasurplusorleftovercashafterallessentialshavebeenbought.Luxurygoodsarenicetohavebutnotnecessary;sobecausethebudgetwouldnotallowforit,Miladoesnotbuymanyluxurygoods.
Question6MostofMila’sdisposablehouseholdincomeisspentonnecessitieslikefood,rent,power,insurance,andhealth.OftenwithgroceryshoppingMilahastobuythecheaperoptionssuchasbudgetbrands.Thereislittleleftoverforluxurieslikenewclothes,entertainment,orholidays.ExplainwhymostofMila’shouseholdincomeisspentonNecessities.Inyouranswerexplainthedifference,withexamples,betweeninferiorgoods,luxuriesandnecessitiesandexplainwhyMiladoesnotbuymanyluxurygoods.plainwhymostofAnnie'sincomeisspentonnecessities.Inyouranswer,youshould:ExplainwhymostofAnnie'sincomeisspentonnecessities.Inyouranswer,youshould:ExplainwhymostofAnnie'sincomeisspentonnecessities.Inyouranswer,youshould:
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WithanincreaseinincomeMilacannowaffordtobuymoreluxuryitems.Milawillalsobuylessinferiorgoodsasshecannowaffordtobuybetterqualityitemsandsospendingonbudgetbrandswilldecrease.Spendingonnecessitieswillstayaboutthesame.Althoughtheymayspendalittlemorebybuyingbetterqualityitems,overallspendingwillnotchangemuch.e.g.Oneflowoneffectcouldbewithbuyinglessinferiorgoodsandmorebetterqualityitems,Milamaynowbeeatinghealthierandsotheirhealthmayimprove,leadingtolessdoctor'svisitsandlessspendingonmedicineetc.
Question7Milahashadalargeincreaseinincome.ExplaintheimpactofMila’sincreaseinincomeandhowherspendingpatternsmightchange.DescribethekindofgoodsMilawillbuymoreof.DescribethetypesofgoodsMilawillbuylessof.Explainthereasonsforthischangeinspendingandexplainoneflowoneffect.
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